Course Descriptions S-T

S354 Biology I ADV
Grades 9 and 10 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
Concurrent enrollment in Advanced English and Geometry recommended because of the research and writing component. This advanced biology course is rigorous, a fast paced course and explores in depth, biological concepts and the scientific process. Areas of study include the cells, biochemistry, genetics, classification, evolution, and ecology. The major investigative skills used by practicing biologists are stressed. Students are expected to be independent learners with good communication skills. Students are required to complete extensive laboratory work including an independent research project. Students are expected to use the scientific method to discover scientific principles.

S355 Biology I
Grades 9 and 10 - Year - 1 Credit
In this course, students are introduced to major biological concepts within the construct of scientific investigation. Areas of study include the cells, biochemistry, genetics, classification, evolution, and ecology. Students are expected to use the scientific method to discover scientific principles.

S357 Biology II: Ecology
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Credit
Prerequisite: Biology I
This course is designed to help the student understand environmental principles, the consequences of human activities, and the impact of these activities on Earth. All students who will make future environmental decisions through their vote and through their actions as citizens could benefit from this class. Laboratory experiments are used to teach conceptual themes through process skills. Students are required to submit written laboratory reports and to design and conduct an investigation whether in small groups or as an individual.

S358 Biology II: Anatomy/Physiology
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Credit
Prerequisite: Biology I; previous or concurrent enrollment in Chemistry recommended.
Anatomy/Physiology is designed to provide students with an in-depth study of the structure and function of the human body. The skeletal, muscular, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, excretory, nervous, reproductive, and endocrine systems are included. The relationships of body structure and function are emphasized. Laboratory work includes dissections and physiology experiments. Laboratory experiments are used to teach conceptual themes through process skills. Students are required to submit written laboratory reports and to design and conduct an investigation whether in small groups or as an individual. Students are expected to use the scientific method to discover scientific principles.

S359 Biology AP
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
Prerequisites: Biology I and Chemistry I
Curriculum for this course is governed by the AP College Board. Biology AP is an overview of the major principles and processes in the areas of molecular and cellular biology and organisms—population biology. AP Biology content and lab work compose 70-80% of the course, while 20-30% of the course is devoted to experimental research. Every student is required to complete a research project that is experimental in nature. The research project must be completed to receive credit for the AP course. Students are encouraged to take the Advanced Placement Examination administered by the College Board and may receive college credit for satisfactory scores.

S360 Biology II: Biotechnology
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Credit
Prerequisite: Biology I
This course will introduce students to the vast scope of biotechnology, its applications, implications for the future, and the many careers available in this field. Biotechnology is shaping the future in career areas including medicine, industry, environmental science, and agriculture. Students will learn and apply many laboratory skills such as sterile techniques, serial dilution, bacterial techniques, DNA analysis, cloning, protein analysis, immunology, histology, microscope techniques, and plant engineering. Topics studied will include application of genetic engineering, specifically plant transformation by bacteria, production of drugs by bacteria, and gene insertion as a cure for cancer. The course will provide students with the history, background, and knowledge of biotechnology that are necessary to analyze breakthroughs for validity and credibility and to make informed ethical decisions.

S361 Chemistry I ADV
Grades 10, 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
Prerequisite: Biology
Co-requisite: Algebra II
Concurrent enrollment in Advanced English recommended because of the research and writing component. For math and science-oriented students who (may) intend to take AP or IB Chemistry, concepts are discussed in greater depth, rigor, and detail than at the standard level. Students are introduced to basic chemical concepts including the composition of matter, atomic structure, periodic table, chemical bonding, formulas and equations, reacting quantities, and acid base theory. Students are expected to use the scientific method to discover scientific principles. Students are required to submit written laboratory reports and short papers, and to design and conduct an independent research project. The major skills used by practicing chemists are emphasized. This course is suitable for preparation for science, engineering, and medicine majors in college.

S362 Chemistry I
Grades 10, 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Credit
Prerequisite: Biology; Co-requisite: Algebra II
Students are introduced to basic chemical concepts including the composition of matter, atomic structure, periodic table, chemical bonding, formulas and equations, reacting quantities, and acid base theory. Laboratory experiments are used to teach conceptual themes through process skills. Students are expected to use the scientific method to discover scientific principles and to submit written laboratory reports. For students wanting a general introduction to chemistry and its practical applications to the world around them.

S363 Chemistry AP
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
Prerequisite: Chemistry I
Chemistry AP is a survey course of the major principles of chemistry including the structure of matter, kinetic theory of gases, chemical equilibrium, chemical kinetics, and basic concepts of thermodynamics. AP Chemistry content and lab work compose 70-80% of the course, while 20-30% of the course is devoted to experimental research. Every student is required to complete a research project that is experimental in nature and requires a formal lab write up. The research project must be completed to receive credit for the AP course. Students are encouraged to take the Advanced Placement Examination administered by the College Board and may receive college credit for satisfactory scores.

S365 Physics I
Grades 9, 10, 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Credit
Prerequisite: Algebra I
The Physics course emphasizes a more complex understanding of experimentation, the analysis of data, and the use of reasoning and logic to evaluate evidence. The use of mathematics, including algebra, inferential statistics, and trigonometry, is important, but conceptual understanding of physical systems remains a primary concern. Students build on basic principles of physical science by exploring in depth the nature and characteristics of energy and its dynamic interaction with matter. Key areas covered include force and motion, thermodynamics and fluid mechanics, energy transformations, wave phenomena and the electromagnetic spectrum, light, electricity, fields, and non-Newtonian physics. The course stresses the practical application of physics in other areas of science and technology and how physics affects our world. Students are expected to use the scientific method to discover scientific principles. Students are required to submit written laboratory reports and to design and conduct research projects that are experimental in nature. Investigative skills used by the practicing physicist are emphasized.

S367 Physics C AP
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
Prerequisite: S373
Concurrent enrollment: Calculus AP
Curriculum for this course is governed by the AP College Board. AP Physics C is equivalent to the first part of a college sequence that serves as a foundation in physics for students majoring in the physical sciences or engineering. Mechanics, electricity, and magnetism are emphasized. Every student is required to complete a research project that is experimental in nature. The research project must be completed to receive credit for the AP course. Students are encouraged to take the Advanced Placement Examination administered by the College Board and may receive college credit for satisfactory scores.

S368 Earth Science II: Oceanography
Grades 10, 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Credit
Prerequisite: Earth Science
In this course the theories of Earth’s structure and plate tectonics will be presented as a base on which to build the explanation of the physical features of the ocean floor. Both historical and physical geology of the ocean floor will be investigated. Students will study the physical properties of seawater, marine chemistry, marine organisms, salinity and density, circulation within the oceans, waves, currents, tides, and oceanographic instruments and environmental issues through research. Emphasis will be placed on the major skills of practicing oceanographers and scientists. Students will be required to submit written laboratory reports and to design and conduct investigations in small groups, as an individual, or as a class.

S370 Environmental Science AP
Grades 10, 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
Prerequisite:  Biology; Co-requisite:  Chemistry
Curriculum for this course is governed by the AP College Board. Topics covered in the course include: global changes and their consequences, human population dynamics, renewable and nonrenewable resources, environmental ethics, and ecological processes. Every student is required to complete a research project that is experimental in nature. The research project must be completed to receive credit for the AP course. Students are encouraged to take the Advanced Placement exam administered by the College Board and may receive college credit for satisfactory scores.

S371 Earth Science
Grades 9-12 - Year - 1 Credit
In this course, students are introduced to major earth science concepts within the construct of scientific investigation. Areas of study include geology, astronomy, meteorology/atmosphere, and oceanography. Students are expected to use the scientific method to discover scientific principles and to write laboratory reports.

S372 Physics I AP
Grades 10, 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
Prerequisite or concurrent enrollment: Precalculus or Trigonometry/Algebra III 
Physics I AP is the equivalent to a first semester college course in algebra-based physics. The course covers Newtonian mechanics (including rotational dynamics and angular momentum), work, energy, and power; mechanical waves and sound. It will also introduce electric circuits. Approximately 25 percent of instructional time is devoted to laboratory investigations which foster students’ engagement in the practice of science through experimenting, analyzing, making conjectures and arguments, and solving problems in a collaborative setting. Students are encouraged to take the Advanced Placement Examination administered by the College Board and may receive college credit for satisfactory scores.

S373 Physics II AP
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
Prerequisite: Physics I AP
Physics II AP is the equivalent to a second semester college course in algebra-based physics. The course covers fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, electricity and magnetism, complex circuits with capacitors, optics, atomic, and nuclear physics. Approximately 25 percent of instructional time is devoted to laboratory investigations which foster students’ engagement in the practice of science through experimenting, analyzing, making conjectures and arguments, and solving problems in a collaborative setting. Students are encouraged to take the Advanced Placement Examination administered by the College Board and may receive college credit for satisfactory scores.

S374 Earth Science ADV
Grades 9-12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
Previous or Concurrent enrollment in Algebra I. Advanced English recommended because of the research and writing component.
This advanced earth science course is a rigorous, fast-paced course that explores in-depth geological concepts and the scientific process. Areas of study include geology, astronomy, oceanography, and meteorology/atmosphere. Students are expected to be independent learners with good communication skills. Students are expected to use the scientific method to discover scientific principles and to write laboratory reports, research projects, and short papers.

S805 Biology SL IB
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
Prerequisite: Completion of Biology I and Chemistry I
In this course, students develop a broad understanding of the principles of biology. Topics include the chemistry of life, the cellular components of life, cell processes, genetics, ecology, evolution, and applied human physiology. IB requires students to conduct research assignments, relate lecture material to unique problems, and identify unknown organisms and/or processes. Students will spend 40 hours on practical/ investigative work including 10 hours on an interdisciplinary project. Students will take the IB examination in May to demonstrate proficiency.

S806 Biology HL-A IB
Grade 11- Year - 1 Weighted Credit
(Year 1 of a Two-Year Course)
Prerequisite: Completion of Biology I and Chemistry I
This course begins a two-year in-depth investigation of the principles of biology. Topics include the chemistry of life, nucleic acids, the cellular components of life, cell processes, genetics, ecology, and applied human physiology. Recognizing that many scientific problems are international in nature and therefore require a global approach to research will be a focus of the course. IB requires students to conduct research assignments, relate lecture material to unique problems, and identify unknown organisms and/or processes. Students will spend 60 hours on practical/investigative work during the two years of this course, including 10 hours on an interdisciplinary project aimed at developing an understanding of the relationships between scientific disciplines and their influence on other areas of knowledge. IB credit will be awarded at the conclusion of Year 2.

S807 Biology HL-B IB
Grade 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
(Year 2 of a Two-Year Course)
Prerequisite: Biology HL-A IB
The second year of IB Biology HL will allow students to deepen their study of topics covered in Year 1. Students will also focus on contemporary science elective topics outlined in the IB curriculum. These concepts include neurobiology and behavior, biotechnology and bioinformatics, ecology and conservation and human physiology. Students will continue to develop their laboratory skills through independent and group centered investigations. Students will take the IB examination in May which covers topics from Year 1 and Year 2.

S808 Chemistry SL IB
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
Prerequisite: Completion of Chemistry I
This course combines academic study with the acquisition of practical and investigational skills. Chemical principles, such as stoichiometry, atomic theory, periodicity, bonding, states of matter, energetics, kinetics, equilibrium, acids and bases, oxidation and reduction, as well as basic organic chemistry, are major topics in the course. IB requires students to produce an interdisciplinary project that is a mixture of short-term and long-term investigations and projects. Students will take the IB examination in May to demonstrate proficiency.

S809 Chemistry HL-A IB
Grade 11- Year - 1 Weighted Credit
(Year 1 of a Two-Year Course)
Prerequisite: Completion of Chemistry I
This course begins a two-year in-depth investigation of the core topics of chemistry including periodicity, bonding, states of matter, energetics, kinetics, stoichiometry, equilibrium, atomic theory, acids and bases, oxidation and reduction, and the impact of chemistry on modern science. Students will focus on how chemistry underpins all natural and industrial systems. Students will spend 60 hours on practical/investigative work during the two years of this course, including 10 hours on an interdisciplinary project. IB credit will be awarded at the conclusion of Year 2.

S810 Chemistry HL-B IB
Grade 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
(Year 2 of a Two-Year Course)
Prerequisite: Chemistry HL-A IB
The second year of IB Chemistry HL devotes additional time to the chemistry topics shown under Chemistry HL-A IB, plus aspects of modern analytical chemistry and organic chemistry. Students will continue to develop their laboratory skills through independent and group-centered investigations. Students will take the IB examination in May which covers topics from Year 1 and Year 2.

S811 Physics SL IB
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
Pre-requisite: Precalculus
This course combines academic study with the acquisition of practical and investigational skills in the physical sciences. Core concepts such as physics and physical measurement, mechanics, thermal physics, waves, electricity and magnetism, and atomic and nuclear physics are the focus of this course. Students will spend 40 hours on practical/investigative work including 10 hours on an interdisciplinary project. Students will take the IB examination in May to demonstrate proficiency.

SPM300 Sports Medicine/Athletic Training
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Credit
This course will provide students with an overview of the field of sports medicine. It is designed for students who may be interested in a career in sports medicine, physical therapy, or other health-related fields. Such students also should consider taking the science elective Anatomy and Physiology. 

T817Y TOK A

T818Y TOK B Theory of Knowledge (TOK) IB
Year - 1 Weighted Credit for each year
Prerequisite: IB candidates only
TOK is an interdisciplinary course intended to stimulate critical reflection upon the knowledge and experience IB students gain inside and outside the classroom. TOK challenges students to question the bases of knowledge, to be aware of subjective and ideological biases, and to develop a personal mode of thought based on analysis of evidence expressed in rational argument. TOK seeks to develop a coherent approach to learning that transcends and unifies the academic subjects and encourages appreciation of other cultural perspectives. Thus, students engage in a wide array of research topics and classroom discussions. TOK students submit an essay to IB for assessment, but, unlike other IB courses, students do not take an IB examination to demonstrate proficiency. This course will be offered over a two-year period as part of the IB Diploma Program.

TA841 Apprenticeship
Grade 12 - Year - Maximum of 3 Credits
Hanover students in the twelfth grade may apply for an apprenticeship program requiring corequisite classroom instruction in an approved high school or dual enrollment college course. A registered youth apprentice earns work experience hours that may be transferred to an adult apprenticeship program, in addition to a maximum of three high school credits. The school principal must approve the number of credits before the student may enroll. The Youth Apprenticeship Work Experience Program is an extension of the student’s high school career plan. The Mutual Expectation Agreement must be signed and returned to the Coordinator of Career and Technical Education before the student is enrolled in this program. Student apprenticeships must be registered by the Department of Labor. Failure to maintain employment during the school year will result in the loss of all Carnegie Units of credit for work experience. Students should do the following to enroll and complete the apprenticeship successfully:

• Obtain application form from school counselor.
• Attend orientation session in May.
• Share responsibility with school division’s youth apprenticeship advisor for locating a business sponsor.
• Sign, return, and honor Mutual Expectations Agreement.
• Maintain academic progress toward graduation.
• Develop and follow a 12th grade plan that links academic and technical course work to the workplace.
• Meet the required job performance expectations.
• Abide by the company’s policies (rules and regulations) and safety procedures.
• Have a serious interest in continuing the apprenticeship after high school.
• Show proof of apprenticeship being registered.

Co-operative Education: The Virginia Department of Education defines co-operative education as “an arrangement that allows students to alternate between classroom instruction and actual work experiences, receiving school credit for both.” The work experience must be related directly to the cooperative education class. Cooperative education involves close coordination of the work experience between the classroom teacher and the student’s employer. Students may receive a Carnegie unit of credit for successful completion of 396 hours of work experience through an approved co-operative education class. Students must have reached their sixteenth birthday and hold a valid Virginia driver’s permit to participate.

Shadowing: Shadowing is a short term work-based experience which provides the student an opportunity to explore a career, specific job, or general operation of a business. Teachers are encouraged to identify and to facilitate for students’ shadowing experiences which will offer means of connecting classroom learning with career exploration and preparation.

Mentorship: Eleventh and twelfth grade students have the opportunity to apply for the Mentorship Program which offers one-half Carnegie unit of credit for one semester of study. Students are paired with community professionals in a one-to-one relationship with the intent of providing direct experience in a career field of the student’s choice. Seminar sessions are required for successful completion of the program. Mentorships for all students can be designed with the approval of the principal, career counselor, and parents. Work Experience: Students are encouraged to experience work and gain skill in a work setting prior to graduation. The integration of students’ academic and technical learning is a goal in the school division. Partnerships with area businesses and industries provide students many opportunities to work and thereby to explore career interests.

Summer Work Experience (CR55): Students entering the 11th and 12th grades have the opportunity to apply for summer work experience which offers 1/2 credit for 90 hours of work/study. Students interested in experiencing first hand a particular career or career field are paired with a skilled mentor in a local business. Participation in this program requires the student to work at the site during a designated period. Students must assume primary responsibility for obtaining a site for their experience and provide their own transportation. Students will meet during the summer with a school coordinator to discuss topics relating to employment and will be required to maintain a portfolio documenting their experience. Students will be expected to comply with the workplace and school program standards, policies, and regulations, and may be dismissed without receiving credit for failure to comply. Applications may be obtained from the school career counselor and are due by June 1. 

TS106/TS107 Automotive Technology I/II
Grade 11 or 12 - Year - 3 Credits
Students will be enrolled in a three-block course where upon successful completion of the Automotive Technology I curriculum, students will continue with Automotive Technology II, for a total of three credits. Automotive Technology I/II is a series of two courses from an ASE certified program in Maintenance and Light Repair. Standards and the certification process are managed by the Automotive Service Excellence Education Foundation (ASE).  Students will study major automotive systems and will master diagnostic and repair skills related to engine performance and engine repair, to include computer systems, ignition and fuel systems, emission and exhaust systems, manual transmission and drive trains, automatic transmission and transaxles, and heating and air conditioning systems.  Students enrolled in this course may be eligible for the ASE student (9513) industry certification..

TS101 Automotive Technology II
Grade 12 - Year - 3 Credits
Prerequisite: Automotive Technology I
Students who are enrolled in and successfully complete Automotive Technology I during the 2023-2024 school year will have the option to take Automotive Technology II during the 2024-2025 school year. All future students will take the combined Automotive Technology I/II course moving forward. In this second course of Automotive Technology, students will continue their study of major automotive systems and will master diagnostic and repair skills related to engine performance and engine repair, to include computer systems, ignition and fuel systems, emission and exhaust systems, manual transmission and drive trains, automatic transmission and transaxles, and heating and air conditioning systems. Students will build upon skills and knowledge mastered in Automotive Technology I. Students will also finish training on the components of the Virginia State Inspection Certification and may be eligible to take the Virginia State Inspection Certification Exam. Students enrolled in this course may be eligible for the ASE student (9513) industry certification.

TS101INT Automotive Technology II Internship
Grade 11 or 12 - Year - 1 Credit
Students registered for TS101INT will take Automotive Technology II (TS101) or Automotive Technology I/II (TS106/TS107) and will have an additional block designated as Automotive Technology II Internship, if approved. Documentation must be submitted and approved by the student, parent, teacher, business representative, and career counselor prior to any student beginning an Internship. Students may earn one standard unit of credit toward graduation for internships of at least a 280-hour duration and by working continuously throughout the school year. If a student does not complete 280 hours, the student will not earn credit.

TS109 Cosmetology I
Grade 11 - Year - 3 Credits
In this introductory course students study hair, skin, nails, and their related care. Students are grounded in theory as they prepare to practice procedures in a clinical lab setting or classroom using manikins for manipulative skill practice. The first-year course emphasizes personal safety, professionalism, and sanitation and disinfection of equipment and facilities. Students develop skills in shampooing and conditioning hair, as well as styling and cutting hair. They are introduced to chemical texture services and develop skills in manicure and pedicure procedures.

TS110 Cosmetology II
Grade 12 - Year - 3 Credits
Prerequisite: TS109
In this advanced course students build on their theoretical foundation of general sciences and practices in cosmetology to increase proficiency in hair cutting and styling on live models, with attention to professionalism, client consultation, safety, and infection control. Students are trained in safe chemical processes related to permanent waves, relaxers, soft-curl permanent waves, lightening, and coloring hair. They also develop artistic skills with wigs and hair additions. In addition, students learn to care for skin, hands, and feet, developing experience in providing facials, manicures, pedicures, and nail enhancements. A business management unit focuses on managing the salon. Upon successful completion of the course competencies, as well as meeting required training hours, students may be eligible to sit for the Virginia State Licensing Exam. Upon completion of the two-course sequence TS109 and TS110, students may be eligible to take the Virginia State Board licensing exam, provided by the Virginia Board of Barbers and Cosmetology, Department of Professional and Occupational Regulations.

TS110INT Cosmetology II Internship
Grade 12 - Year - 1 Credit
Students registered for TS110INT will take Cosmetology II (TS110) and will have an additional block designated as Cosmetology II Internship, if approved. Documentation must be submitted and approved by the student, parent, teacher, business representative, and career counselor prior to any student beginning an Internship. Students may earn one standard unit of credit toward graduation for internships of at least a 280-hour duration and by working continuously throughout the school year. If a student does not complete 280 hours, the student will not earn credit.

TS117 Culinary Arts I
Grade 11 - Year - 3 Credits
In this course, students will be provided with the foundations for a comprehensive knowledge of the food service industry and with opportunities to build technical skills. Students will examine and practice basic rules and procedures related to kitchen and food safety, kitchen sanitation procedures, and emergency measures. Students will use math and reading skills continuously as they deal with recipes, manuals, costs, and inventory management. Students will explore the purchasing and receiving of goods and study fundamental nutritional principles and guidelines. As they explore food preparation techniques, students will practice applying these techniques to the preparation and serving of basic food products.

TS118 Culinary Arts II
Grade 12 - Year - 3 Credits
Prerequisite: TS117
In this course, students will continue to acquire a comprehensive knowledge of the food service industry, as well as expand their technical skills. Students will practice kitchen safety and sanitation, apply nutritional principles to food preparation and storage, perform a wide range of more advanced food preparation techniques including garde manger and baking, refine their dining room serving skills, develop menus, perform on-site and off-site catered functions, and strengthen their business and math skills. Upon completion of TS118, students will be eligible to take the Servsafe assessment provided by the Education Foundation of the National Restaurant Association.

TS118INT Culinary Arts II Internship
Grade 12 - Year - 1 Credit
Students registered for TS118INT will take Culinary Arts II (TS118) and will have an additional block designated as Culinary Arts II Internship, if approved. Documentation must be submitted and approved by the student, parent, teacher, business representative, and career counselor prior to any student beginning an internship. Students may earn one standard unit of credit toward graduation for internships of at least a 280-hour duration and by working continuously throughout the school year. If a student does not complete 280 hours, the student will not earn credit.

TS132/TS133 Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration I/II
Grade 11 or 12 - Year - 3 Credits
Students will be enrolled in a three-block course where upon successful completion of the HVAC/R I curriculum, students will continue with HVAC/R II, for a total of three credits.  HVAC/R I prepares students to install, repair, and maintain the operating conditions of heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems. Students will work with piping and tubing, study heat and electricity, install duct systems, and learn the necessary skills to comply with EPA regulations. Instruction will also include lab and trade safety, detailed work with control systems, mathematics for HVAC/R, and customer relation skills. All students will obtain the required OSHA 10 safety credential. In HVAC/R II, students will refine their basic skills and technical knowledge to prepare them for employment in the HVAC/R field. These skills include installing air conditioning equipment, ductwork, heat pumps, and furnaces. In addition, students will learn the theory of design for HVAC/R equipment, as well as techniques for proper maintenance and service of residential and commercial facilities. Students will be instructed utilizing the NCCER Apprenticeship post-secondary education curriculum. If a student passes all assessments within the core and HVAC/R modules, they will complete one year of the NCCER post-secondary apprenticeship education program and earn a high school industry credential.  Students will also be provided with the opportunity to obtain CPR/First Aid certification.

TS123 Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration II
Grade 12 - Year - 3 Credits
Prerequisite: Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration I
Students who are enrolled in and successfully complete HVAC/R I during the 2023-2024 school year will have the option to take HVAC/R II during the 2024-2025 school year. All future students will take the combined HVAC/R I/II course moving forward. Students will refine their basic skills and technical knowledge to prepare them for employment in the HVAC/R field. These skills include installing air conditioning equipment, ductwork, heat pumps, and furnaces. In addition, students will learn the theory of design for HVAC/R equipment, as well as techniques for proper maintenance and service of residential and commercial facilities. If a student passes all assessments within the core and HVAC/R modules, they will complete one year of the NCCER post-secondary apprenticeship education program and earn a high school industry credential. Students may have the opportunity to take part in a work-based learning experience during the following year. Students may also have the opportunity to take the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Certification for Refrigerant Recovery.

TS128/TS129 Carpentry I/II
Grade 11 or 12 - Year - 3 Credits
Students will be enrolled in a three-block course where upon successful completion of the Carpentry I curriculum, students will continue with Carpentry II, for a total of three credits. Carpentry I is the building block for achieving high-level construction industry skills that can result in an exciting and lucrative career. With an emphasis on safety, students are taught to use hand and power tools, cut stock, apply construction mathematics, and interpret blueprints. Carpentry II leads to successful transition into post-secondary education or careers in carpentry and related fields such as construction management, architecture, and others.   Students will become proficient in assembling and installing various types of residential construction components that are current with industry standards, including rigging and job-estimating procedures, forming foundations, framing floors, walls, ceilings, roofs, trusses, roofing materials, stairs, exterior doors and windows, decks, and porches. All students will obtain the required OSHA 10 safety credential. Students will be instructed utilizing the NCCER Apprenticeship post-secondary education curriculum. Students will also be provided with the opportunity to obtain CPR/First Aid certification.  

TS125 Carpentry II
Grade 12 - Year - 3 Credits
Prerequisite: Carpentry I
Students who are enrolled in and successfully complete Carpentry I during the 2023-2024 school year will have the option to take Carpentry II during the 2024-2025 school year. All future students will take the combined Carpentry I/II course moving forward. Carpentry II leads to successful transition into post-secondary education or careers in carpentry and related fields such as construction management, architecture, and others. Students are taught the safe use of hand and power tools common to the industry to complement their OSHA 10 safety credential earned in Carpentry I. Students will become proficient in assembling and installing various types of residential construction components that are current with industry standards, including rigging and job-estimating procedures, forming foundations, framing floors, walls, ceilings, roofs, trusses, roofing materials, stairs, exterior doors and windows, decks, and porches. If a student passes all assessments within the NCCER core and carpentry modules, they will complete one year of the NCCER post-secondary apprenticeship education program and earn a high school industry credential.  Students may have the opportunity to take part in a work-based learning experience during the following year.

TS130/TS131 Electricity I/II
Grade 11 or 12 - Year - 3 Credits
Students will be enrolled in a three-block course where upon successful completion of the Electricity I curriculum, students will continue with Electricity II, for a total of three credits. In Electricity I, students develop skills in the installation, operation, maintenance, and repair of residential, commercial, and industrial electrical systems. They also study electrical theory, navigate the National Electrical Code Book, select and install conductors, and work with panelboards, switchboards, and generators. All students will obtain the required OSHA 10 safety credential. Students will be instructed utilizing the NCCER Apprenticeship postsecondary education curriculum.  If a student passes all assessments within the core and electricity modules, they will complete one year of the NCCER post-secondary apprenticeship education program. Students will also be provided with the opportunity to obtain CPR/First Aid certification.

TS127 Electricity II
Grade 12 - Year - 3 Credits
Prerequisite: Electricity I 
Students who are enrolled in and successfully complete Electricity I during the 2023-2024 school year will have the option to take Electricity II during the 2024-2025 school year. All future students will take the combined Electricity I/II course moving forward. Students continue to develop skills in the installation, operation, maintenance, and repair of residential, commercial, and industrial electrical systems. They also study electrical theory and mathematical problems related to electricity, navigate the National Electrical Code Book, select and install conductors, examine lighting, communication, and power systems, and work with conduit and raceways, panel boards, switchboards, grounding systems, and generators.  If a student passes all assessments within the core and electricity modules, they will complete one year of the NCCER post-secondary apprenticeship education program and earn a high school industry credential. Students may have the opportunity to take part in a work-based learning experience during the following year.