Course Descriptions G-I

GS9-12 Governor’s School for Government and International Studies
Grades 9, 10, 11 and 12
The mission of the Governor’s School for Government and International Studies is to provide broad based educational opportunities that develop gifted students’ understanding of world cultures and languages as well as the ability to lead, participate, and contribute in a rapidly changing global society. The school serves students selected on the basis of aptitude and interest. Students must apply during their eighth grade year.

H457 United States History AP *
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
Prerequisite: World History I or II or Modern Global Studies
This course surveys the major events, personalities, and periods of American History. Emphasis is on the concepts and trends of historical development. Critical thinking skills, historical analysis, and research are used throughout the class. Students are encouraged to take the Advanced Placement Examination administered by the College Board and may receive college credit for satisfactory scores. Students will take the Virginia and U.S. History End-of-Course SOL test.

H459 Virginia and U.S. History
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Credit
The development of American ideas and institutions from the age of exploration to the present is studied in this class. People, characteristics of periods, and major events are included from a social, cultural, economic, and political approach. Primary and secondary sources are used to develop and support historical thinking skills. Students will take the Virginia and U.S. History End-of-Course SOL test.

H460 Virginia and U.S. History ADV *
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
This course is a survey course designed to give students a critical perspective on the development of American ideas and institutions from the age of exploration to the present. Students will study people, characteristics of periods, and major events from social, cultural, economic, and political perspectives. Analysis and evaluation of issues, actions, and cause/effect relationships are emphasized, and significant requirements include research and using primary sources in document-based questioning (DBQ). Students will take the Virginia and U.S. History End-of-Course SOL test.

H466 Virginia and U.S. Government ADV *
Grades 10, 11, or 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
This course examines the structure of government at the local, state, and national level, democratic values, politics, laws and court cases, and concepts within the American economic system in the United States. Students are expected to interpret and analyze events, case studies, and significant documents. Critical thinking skills, analysis of primary sources, interpretation of data, and research are emphasized.

H467 U.S. Government and Politics AP *
Grades 10, 11, or 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
This course is designed to give students a critical perspective on government and politics in the United States and involves the study of general concepts used to interpret American politics and the analysis of specific case studies. Critical thinking skills, analysis of documents, interpretation of data, and research are emphasized throughout the class. Students are encouraged to take the Advanced Placement Examination administered by the College Board and may receive college credit for satisfactory scores.

H468 Virginia and U.S. Government
Grades 10, 11, and 12 - Year - 1 Credit
This course examines the basic structures of government at the local, state, national, and international levels. Democratic values, participatory citizenship, and the free enterprise system are stressed. One of the main functions of the course is to prepare students for active citizenship.

H470 Modern Global Studies
Grades 9, 10, 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Credit
Modern Global Studies is a world geography course involving a study of people, places, and environments, using data analysis within the five themes of geography. The knowledge, skills, and perspectives of the course center on locating and analyzing historical, physical, economic, and cultural characteristics of world regions. Landforms and climates, economic development, migration and settlement patterns, and forces of conflict and cooperation will be investigated. Students will employ skills of inquiry and research to acquire a global perspective of the world and an understanding of the relationship between humans and environment relevant to current events. Students will take the World Geography End-of- Course SOL test.

H471 Modern Global Studies ADV *
Grades 9, 10, 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
Modern Global Studies Advanced is a world geography course involving a study of people, places and environments, using data analysis within the five themes of geography. The knowledge, skills, and perspectives of the course focus on locating and analyzing historical, physical, economic and cultural characteristics of world regions. Research and interpretation, analysis, and evaluation of data are significant requirements as students investigate how humans interact with each other and the environment. Students explore how past trends in history affect present day issues and make connections among physical, ecological, political, and economic information relating to our global society. Students will take the World Geography End-of-Course SOL test.

H473 Current Affairs
Grades 10, 11 and 12 - Semester - 1/2 Credit
An in-depth study of topics in the news is the focus of the Current Affairs semester. News magazines are used as the textbook, and the topics pursued include law, economics, international relations, politics, and personalities who are considered to be leaders in their field. NOTE: Student should pair this course with another semester course.

H474 Sociology
Grades 9, 10, 11 and 12 - Semester - 1/2 Credit
The course is designed to acquaint students with man and his society and the problems of society. Some of the topics included are: marriage and the family, crime and race relations. NOTE: Student should pair this course with another semester course.

H475 African American History
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Credit
This course examines the role and contributions of African Americans to the growth and development of the United States. Students will develop an understanding of the historical significance of the African American experience from African origins through present times. Primary and secondary sources are used to develop and support historical thinking skills. 

H477 Psychology I
Grades 10, 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Credit
This introductory course in psychology includes the study of both human and animal behavior. The major topics include personality, behavior, intelligence, emotional behavior, and group behavior. One of the main objectives of this class is to help the student understand self.

H478 Psychology AP *
Grades 10, 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
The content of this course contains a variety of units including abnormal psychology, experimental psychology, developmental psychology, and social psychology. This course is designed for the student who has a highly developed interest in the field of psychology. Students are encouraged to take the Advanced Placement Examination administered by the College Board and may receive college credit for satisfactory scores.

H480 European History AP *
Grades 10, 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
Prerequisite: World History I or II
This course surveys the major events, personalities, and periods of European History from the late Middle Ages to the present. The emphasis in this class is on the concepts and trends of historical development. The course uses the AP syllabus which emphasizes critical thinking skills, analysis of documents, and research. Students are encouraged to take the Advanced Placement Examination administered by the College Board and may receive college credit for satisfactory scores.

H481-Human Geography AP*
Grades 9, 10, 11, and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit 
This course introduces students to the systematic study of patterns and processes that have shaped human understanding, use, and alteration of Earth’s surface. Students employ spatial concepts and landscape analysis to examine socioeconomic organization and its environmental consequences. Students also learn about geographers’ methods and tools in research and applications.

H551 World History I
Grades 9 and 10 - Year - 1 Credit
The World History I course content focuses on an intensive chronological study of the world through the Renaissance. Students’ understanding of the relationships among history, geography, economics, and civics in the development of the world will be emphasized. Using texts, documents, maps, globes, diagrams, and charts, students will develop historical and geographic comprehension of various cultures. The spatial concepts of geography are integrated with the chronological development of nations and peoples. Students will take the World History I End-of-Course SOL test.

H552 World History I ADV *
Grades 9 and 10 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
World History I Advanced is a survey course which focuses on a chronological study of the world to 1500 A.D. (C.E.) An understanding of the relationships among history, geography, economics, and civics in the development of the world will be emphasized. Spatial concepts of geography will be connected to the chronological development of nations and peoples. Analysis and evaluation of issues, people, and the environment are emphasized for their connection to historical events. Research and analysis of data are significant requirements of the course. Students will take the World History I End-of-Course SOL test.

H553 World History II
Grades 9 and 10 - Year - 1 Credit
The World History II course content focuses on an intensive chronological study of the world since the 16th century. Students’ understanding of the relationships among history, geography, economics and civics in the modern world will be emphasized. Using texts, documents, maps, diagrams, and charts, students will develop historical and geographic comprehension of various cultures. The spatial concepts of geography are integrated with the chronological development of nations and peoples. Students will take the World History II End-of-Course SOL test.

H554 World History II ADV *
Grades 9 and 10 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
World History II Advanced is a study of the modern world since the 16th century. An understanding of the relationships among history, geography, economics, and civics in the development of the modern world will be emphasized. Spatial concepts of geography will be connected to the chronological development of nations and peoples. Analysis and evaluation of issues, people, and the environment are emphasized for their connection to historical events. Research and analysis of data are significant requirements of the course. Students will take the World History II End-of-Course SOL test.

H802 History of the Americas HL-A IB *
Grade 11 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
(Year 1 of a Two-Year Course)
This course is the first year of a two-year course that provides students the opportunity to acquire an in-depth understanding of the chronological development of people of the North, Central, and South Americas. Students examine political, economic, social, religious, military, scientific, and cultural events. Implicit in this curriculum is an understanding of the historical method, the inquiry process, historical reasoning, and interpretation of biases. The first year of History of the Americas focuses on U.S. history from Colonial America to World War II. IB requires students to conduct research on a historical investigation and present their findings in a written report of not more than 2,000 words. IB credit will be awarded at the conclusion of Year 2. The SOL assessment in U.S. History is required.

H803 History of the Americas HL-B IB *
Grade 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
(Year 2 of a Two-Year Course)
Prerequisite: History of the Americas HL-A IB
This second year of History of Americas uses the same chronological approach to history and seeks to strengthen the skills emphasized in the first part; however, History of the Americas HL-B IB deals primarily with six options for 20th century topics from U.S. history and Latin America. Topics chosen for the Hanover County course include: 1) causes, practices, and effects of war; 2) the rise and rule of single-party states; and 3) the Cold War. Students will take the IB examination in May which covers topics from Year 1 and Year 2.

H813 Psychology SL IB *
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
Psychology is the systematic study of human behavior and experience. Modern psychology is a meeting ground for the natural and social sciences. Psychologists employ rigorous procedures throughout research processes, using their findings for the possible improvement of life as well as for the understanding of the social conditions that affect individuals. Thus, students in this course will learn how to: 1) interpret and/or conduct psychological research; 2) apply ethical practices and responsibilities while conducting research; 3) develop an understanding of the biological, social, and cultural influences on human behavior; and 4) develop an understanding of different theoretical processes to interpreting behavior. IB requires students to submit the results of a simple experimental study in a paper of 1,000 to 1,500 words. Students will take the IB examination in May to demonstrate proficiency.

H815 Philosophy SL IB *
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
This course explores the fundamental questions that people have asked since the beginning of time and confronts new problems arising within contemporary society. What exists? What is it to be a human being? What can we know? How do I know what is the right thing to do? The emphasis of the course is on philosophy, which requires intellectual rigor, an open and critical mind, and a willingness to attempt to understand alternative views. At the core of the course lies a concern with truth and clarity of understanding achieved through critical and systematic thinking, careful analysis of arguments, and close reading of several texts. IB requires students to produce at least two philosophical papers of 1,000 to 1,200 words each: a critical analysis of non-philosophical material and a philosophical dialogue. Students will take the IB examination in May to demonstrate proficiency.

H875 Economics SL IB *
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
This course introduces microeconomics and macroeconomics in a modern day context and ultimately focuses on economic relationships and alternative economic systems. The curriculum will focus on the international aspect of economics and how countries are dealing with growth. Students are required to understand, analyze, and evaluate the organization of business, governmental institutions, private enterprise, and economic policies. Students are expected to take the IB exam at the completion of this course. To meet the Virginia graduation requirement for Economics and Personal Finance, the student must concurrently enroll in EPF102, Semester – 1/2 credit.

HN105E/HN106E Electronics I: Electronics/Industrial Robotics Technology/Electronics II: Electronics Technology
Grades 9 - 12 - Year - 3 Weighted Credits
Prerequisite: Algebra I
Students will be enrolled in a three-block course where upon successful completion of the Electronics I curriculum, students will continue with Electronics II, for a total of three credits. Our ability to function and progress in the modern age is dependent on electronics and robotics technologies. Electronics I provides a depth and breadth of the basic skills required in today’s automated manufacturing environment. Students will explore careers, build circuits, and use principles of physics to analyze basic electronic and robotic components. The Electronics II course provides exposure to and in-depth study of the advanced electronics technology skills that are required in today’s automated manufacturing environment and are universally in demand within a culture that is increasingly dependent on electronics. Students construct AC and analog circuits while exploring digital logic systems. Students enrolled in this course may be eligible for the Electronics Module: DC (EM1): Electronics Technicians Association (ETA), International 9236.

HN102E Electronics II: Electronics Technology
Grades 10 - 12 - Year - 2 Weighted Credits
Prerequisites: Electronics I: Electronics/Industrial Robotics Technology
Students who are enrolled in and successfully complete Electronics I during the 2023-2024 school year will have the option to take Electronics II during the 2024-2025 school year. All future students will take the combined Electronics I/II course moving forward. In addition, Electronics III will no longer be offered after the 2024-2025 school year. Electronics II course provides exposure to and in-depth study of the advanced electronics technology skills that are required in today’s automated manufacturing environment and are universally in demand within a culture that is increasingly dependent on electronics. Students construct AC and analog circuits while exploring digital logic systems. Students enrolled in this course may be eligible for the Electronics Module: DC (EM1): Electronics Technicians Association (ETA), International 9236.

HN102EINT Electronics II: Electronics Technology Internship
Grades 11 - 12 - Year - 1 Credit
Students registered for HN102EINT will take Electronics II: Electronics Technology (HN102E) or Electronics I: Electronics/Industrial Robotics Technology/Electronics II: Electronics Technology (HN105E/HN106E) and will have an additional block designated as Electronics II: Electronics Technology Internship, if approved. Documentation must be submitted and approved by the student, parent, teacher, business representative, and career counselor prior to any student beginning an internship. Students may earn one standard unit of credit toward graduation for internships of at least a 280-hour duration and by working continuously throughout the school year. If a student does not complete 280 hours, the student will not earn credit.     

HN103E Electronics III: Industrial Robotics Technology
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 2 Weighted Credits
Prerequisites: HN102E
Students who are enrolled in and successfully complete Electronics II during the 2023-2024 school year will have the option to take Electronics III during the 2024-2025 school year. All future students will take the combined Electronics I/II course moving forward. In addition, Electronics III will no longer be offered after the 2024-2025 school year. This course provides instruction in programming robots used in assembly and manufacturing settings. Students will work with various power systems while acquiring machining, welding, and system engineering skills. This course leads to industry certification options. Students enrolled in this course may be eligible for the Electronics Module: DC (EM1): Electronics Technicians Association (ETA), International 9236.

HN103EINT Electronics III: Industrial Robotics Technology Internship
Grades 11 and 12 - Year – 1 Credit
Students registered for HN103INT will take Electronics III: Industrial Robotics Technology (HN103E) and will have an additional block designated as Electronics III: Industrial Robotics Technology Internship, if approved. Documentation must be submitted and approved by the student, parent, teacher, business representative, and career counselor prior to any student beginning an internship. Students may earn one standard unit of credit toward graduation for internships of at least a 280-hour duration and by working continuously throughout the school year. If a student does not complete 280 hours, the student will not earn credit.

HN200/HN201 Design, Multimedia, and Web Technologies/Design, Multimedia, and Web Technologies, Advanced
Grades 9 - 12- Year - 2 Weighted Credits
Students will be enrolled in a two-block course where upon successful completion of the Design, Multimedia, and Web Technologies curriculum, students will continue with Design, Multimedia, and Web Technologies, Advanced, for a total of two credits. Students develop proficiency in designing and creating desktop-published projects, multimedia presentations/projects, and Web sites, using industry-standard application software. Students apply principles of layout and design in completing projects. Students work with sophisticated hardware and software, applying skills to real-world projects. Students create portfolios that include a résumé and a variety of desktop published, multimedia, and Web site projects produced in the course. Students enrolled in this course may be eligible for the Adobe Certified Professional: Photoshop 2020 Examination/Certiport 9816.

HN2000INT Design, Multimedia, and Web Technologies Internship
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Credit
Students registered for HN2001INT will take Design, Multimedia, and Web Technologies/Design, Multimedia, and Web Technologies, Advanced (HN200/HN201) and will have an additional block designated as Design, Multimedia, and Web Technologies Internship, if approved. Documentation must be submitted and approved by the student, parent, teacher, business representative, and career counselor prior to any student beginning an internship. Students may earn one standard unit of credit toward graduation for internships of at least a 280-hour duration and by working continuously throughout the school year. If a student does not complete 280 hours, the student will not earn credit.

HN401/HN402 Engineering Explorations I/Engineering Analysis & Applications II
Grades 10 - 12 - Year - 2 Weighted Credits
Prerequisite: Algebra I and Technical Drawing & Design
Students will be enrolled in a two-block course where upon successful completion of the Engineering Explorations I curriculum, students will continue with Engineering Analysis & Applications II, for a total of two credits. In Engineering Explorations I, students examine technology and engineering fundamentals in relation to solving real-world problems. Students investigate engineering history, including major engineering achievements, and they examine the principle engineering specialty fields and their related careers. Students practice engineering fundamentals, using mathematical and scientific concepts. This course will allow students to apply the engineering design process to areas of the designed world, explore ethics in a technological world, and examine systems in civil, mechanical, electrical, and chemical engineering. Students will participate in STEM-based, hands-on projects as they communicate information through team-based presentations, proposals, and technical reports. Students enrolled in this course may be eligible for the AutoDesk Certification Test (AutoCAD, Inventor, Revit, 9347) industry certification.

HN4010INT Engineering Explorations I/Engineering Analysis & Applications II Internship
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Credit
Students registered for HN4010INT will take Engineering Explorations I/Engineering Analysis & Applications II (HN401/HN402) and will have an additional block designated as Engineering Explorations I/Engineering Analysis & Applications II Internship, if approved. Documentation must be submitted and approved by the student, parent, teacher, business representative, and career counselor prior to any student beginning an internship.  Students may earn one standard unit of credit toward graduation for internships of at least a 280-hour duration and by working continuously throughout the school year. If a student does not complete 280 hours, the student will not earn credit.

HN411/HN412 Engineering Concepts & Processes/Engineering Studies III
Grades 11 - 12 - Year - 2 Weighted Credits
Prerequisite: Engineering Explorations I/Engineering Analysis & Applications II
Students will be enrolled in a two-block course where upon successful completion of the Engineering Concepts & Processes curriculum, students will continue with Engineering Studies III, for a total of two credits. This is the second of the engineering sequence that will enable students to solve real-world problems. This course focuses on building an engineering team, working with case studies, managing projects, applying logic and problem-solving skills, delivering formal proposals and presentations, and examining product and process trends. In addition, students continue to apply their engineering skills to determine whether they are good candidates for post-secondary educational opportunities in engineering. Students will participate in STEMbased, hands-on projects as they communicate information through team-based presentations, proposals, and technical reports. Designed for students who intend to pursue engineering studies in college. This course emphasizes integration of mathematics, science, and English concepts and skills into engineering problems in a curriculum demanding rigorous study habits and other college-level skills. Students are encouraged to become routinely inquisitive through brainstorming and prototyping. Students practice basic engineering skills and communication of technical information while applying the engineering design process to complete an engineering project. Students enrolled in this course may be eligible for the Pre-Engineering/Engineering Technology Assessment 3475. 

HN4011INT Engineering Concepts and Process and Studies Internship
Grades 11 - 12 - Year - 1 Credit
Prerequisite: Engineering Explorations I/Engineering Analysis & Applications II
Students registered for HN411/HN412 (Engineering Concepts & Processes/Engineering Studies III) will have an additional block designated as Engineering Concepts and Process and Studies Internship, if approved. Documentation must be submitted and approved by the student, parent, teacher, business representative, and career counselor prior to any student beginning an internship. Students may earn one standard unit of credit toward graduation for internships of at least a 280-hour duration and by working continuously throughout the school year. If a student does not complete 280 hours, the student will not earn credit.

HN5012/HN5013 Criminal Justice I/Criminal Justice II
Grades 11 and 12- Year - 3 Credits
Students will be enrolled in a three-block course where they will cover both the Criminal Justice I and the Criminal Justice II curriculum during the school year, for a total of three credits. Students in Criminal Justice I are introduced to the rule of law and will explore policing techniques, as well as how to investigate a crime scene. Additionally, students will explore courts and various careers in the criminal justice system, including law enforcement, forensic scientist, security and legal. In Criminal Justice II, students delve further into their understanding of the legal system and policing techniques, including crime scene investigations. Students will also explore corrections, as well as the history of terrorism in the United States. Students combine classroom instruction and supervised, practical experience throughout the school year.  Students enrolled in this course may be eligible for the Criminal Justice Assessment: National Occupational Competency Testing Institute (NOCTI, 4181) industry certification.

HN5011 Criminal Justice II
Grade 12 - Year - 2 Credits
Prerequisite: Criminal Justice I
Students who are enrolled in and successfully complete Criminal Justice I during the 2023-2024 school year will have the option to take Criminal Justice II during the 2024-2025 school year. All future students will take the combined Criminal Justice I/II course moving forward. Students delve further into their understanding of the legal system and policing techniques, including crime scene investigations. Students will also explore corrections, as well as the history of terrorism in the United States. Students combine classroom instruction and supervised, practical experience throughout the year. This course leads to industry certification in National Occupational Competency Testing Institute. Students enrolled in this course may be eligible for the Criminal Justice Assessment: National Occupational Competency Testing Institute (NOCTI, 4181) industry certification.

HN5011INT Criminal Justice II Internship
Grades 11 or 12 - Year - 1 Credit
Students registered for HN5011INT will take Criminal Justice II (HN5011) or Criminal Justice I/II (HN5012/HN5013) and will have an additional block designated as Criminal Justice II internship, if approved. Documentation must be submitted and approved by the student, parent, teacher, business representative, and career counselor prior to any student beginning an internship. Students may earn one standard unit of credit toward graduation for internships of at least a 280-hour duration and by working continuously throughout the school year. If a student does not complete 280 hours, the student will not earn credit.

PHARMACY TECHNICIAN CERTIFICATE PROGRAM COURSES:

HN911 Pharmacy Technician I
Grades 11 or 12 - Year - 1 Credit
This certificate program is designed to provide students with the basic skills and knowledge to begin work as a pharmacy technician. Trained, experienced pharmacy technicians who can demonstrate the right skills and knowledge should be able to pursue many exciting and respected career options or post-secondary study in the pharmacy field. In order to sit for the Pharmacy Tech License Exam, students will need to complete 130 on-site clinical experience hours during the two years in the program.

HN912 Pharmacy Technician II
Grade 12 - Year - 2 Credits
Prerequisite: HN911
This certificate program is designed to provide students with the basic skills and knowledge to begin work as a pharmacy technician. The coursework will fulfill the requirements of the Board of Pharmacy and prepare students to take the national examination administered by the Pharmacy Technician Certification Board. Trained, experienced pharmacy technicians who can demonstrate the right skills and knowledge should be able to pursue many exciting and respected career options or post-secondary study in the pharmacy field. In order to sit for the Pharmacy Tech License Exam, students will need to complete 130 on-site clinical experience hours during the two years in the program. 

HN930/HN931/HN932 Nurse Aide I/II and Patient Care Technician
Grades 11 or 12 - 3 Credits
Students will be enrolled in a three-block course where they will cover both the Nurse Aide and the Patient Care Technician curriculum during the school year, for a total of three credits. Nurse Aide emphasizes the study of nursing occupations as related to the health care system. Students study normal growth and development, simple body structure and function, medical terminology, etc. They receive skill training in patient-nursing assistant relationships; taking and recording vital signs; cardiopulmonary resuscitation and bathing, feeding, dressing and transporting patients in hospitals and nursing homes. Students enrolled in this Nurse Aide may be eligible for the NNAAP, National Nurse Aide Assessment Program (9124) industry certification. Patient Care Technician is an occupational preparation course that emphasizes the measuring of vital signs, collection samples, recording information on patient charts as well as preparing treatment rooms for examinations. Students enrolled in this course may be eligible for the Certified Patient Care Technician (CPCT/A) Examination: National Healthcareer Association (NHA) 9677.

HN9302 Patient Care Technician
Grade 12 - Year - 2 Credits
Prerequisite: Nurse Aide
Students who are enrolled in and successfully complete Nurse Aide during the 2023-2024 school year will have the option to take Patient Care Technician during the 2024-2025 school year. All future students will take the combined Nurse Aide/Patient Care Tech course moving forward. An occupational preparation course that emphasizes the measuring of vital signs, collection samples, recording information on patient charts as well as preparing treatment rooms for examinations. Students enrolled in this course may be eligible for the Certified Patient Care Technician (CPCT/A) Examination: National Healthcareer Association (NHA) 9677.

HS0107/HS0108 Firefighting I/II
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 3 Credits
Students will be enrolled in a three-block course where upon successful completion of the Firefighting I curriculum, students will continue with Firefighting II, for a total of three credits. Firefighting is one of the most dangerous jobs in the world and, therefore, requires complete discipline and attention to achieving the academic and professional standards necessary to successfully fight live fires, address hazardous-materials incidents, and conduct search-and-rescue operations. Students will become familiar with the procedures, equipment, and technologies used by current fire departments.  Students respond to situations caused by simulated terrorism, accidents, and natural disasters by managing resources such as medevac helicopters, emergency medical personnel, technical rescue teams, and community-based organizations. These courses challenge students academically, mentally, and physically and meets the standards of National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1001-2013. NOTE: Students must be at least 16 years old (40-1.79.1 Code of Virginia) by the first day of the course offering. Enrollment also requires parental consent. Additional requirements, including CPR, HAZMAT operations, and Mayday Awareness, are stipulated for those students seeking NFPA 1001-2013 Firefighter I certification.

HS0105INT Firefighting Internship
Grades 11 and 12 - Year – 1 Credit
Students registered for HS0105INT will take Firefighting I/II (HS0107/HS0108) and will have an additional block designated as Firefighting Internship, if approved. Documentation must be submitted and approved by the student, parent, teacher, business representative, and career counselor prior to any student beginning an internship. Students may earn one standard unit of credit toward graduation for internships of at least a 280-hour duration and by working continuously throughout the school year. If a student does not complete 280 hours, the student will not earn credit.

HS111/HS112 Emergency Medical Technician I/II
Grades 11 and 12 - 2 Credits
Prerequisite: CPR certification at the Health Care Provider level.
The tasks for this course represent the National Emergency Medical Services Educational Standards. Students explore and apply the fundamentals of emergency medical services, anatomy, physiology, and medical terminology while demonstrating skills in assessing and managing patient care, including assessing the scene and understanding shock, resuscitation, and trauma. Supervised field experience outside of school hours is required. Successful completion of all course requirements and instructor endorsement may lead to eligibility to take the Virginia State Psychomotor Exam and the National Registry EMT cognitive exam. Note: Students must be at least 16 years old prior to the first day of EMT instruction. Students enrolled in this course may be eligible for the Emergency Medical Technician Examination: Department of Health, Office of Emergency Medical Services (9063) industry certification.

HS1000 Introduction to Health and Medical Sciences
Grade 9 - Year - 1 Credit
This course introduces the student to a variety of healthcare careers and develops basic skills required in all health and medical sciences. It is designed to help students understand the key elements of the U.S. healthcare system and to learn basic healthcare terminology, anatomy and physiology for each body system, pathologies, diagnostic and clinical procedures, therapeutic interventions, and the fundamentals of traumatic and medical emergency care. Throughout the course, instruction emphasizes safety, cleanliness, asepsis, professionalism, accountability, and efficiency within the healthcare environment. Students also begin gaining job-seeking skills for entry into the health and medical sciences field. In addition, instruction may include the basics of medical laboratory procedures, pharmacology fundamentals, biotechnology concepts, and communication skills essential for providing quality patient care.

HS1020 Medical Terminology
Grade 10 - Year - 1 Credit
Medical Terminology is designed to help students learn common medical terms essential for safe patient care. Topics are presented in logical order, beginning with each body system’s anatomy and physiology and progressing through pathology, laboratory tests and clinical procedures, therapeutic interventions, and pharmacology. Students learn concepts, terms, and abbreviations for each topic. Students enrolled in this course may be eligible for the Workplace Readiness Skills for the Commonwealth Examination (9303) industry certification.

HS1300 Sports Medicine/Athletic Trainer I
Grade 11 or 12 - Year - 2 Credits
This course of study provides students with the basic concepts and skill set required for an entry-level position as a sports medicine assistant. It introduces students to topics such as injury prevention, nutrition, first aid/CPR/ AED, exercise physiology, and biomechanics. Students study basic human anatomy and physiology, medical terminology, legal and ethical issues in sports medicine, and career preparation. Course competencies have been constructed so as not to go beyond the professional scope of aide/assistant level. Mastery of the material in this course provides students with a strong background should they wish to pursue certification in areas such as first aid, CPR, AED, and/or personal trainer.

HS1301 Sports Medicine/Athletic Trainer II
Grade 12 - Year - 2 Credits
Prerequisite:  HS1300
This course of study provides students with the basic concepts and skill set required for an entry-level position as a sports medicine assistant. It introduces students to topics such as injury prevention, nutrition, first aid/CPR/AED, exercise physiology, and biomechanics. Students study basic human anatomy and physiology, medical terminology, legal and ethical issues in sports medicine, and career preparation. Course competencies have been constructed so as not to go beyond the professional scope of aide/assistant level. Mastery of the material in this course provides students with a strong background should they wish to pursue certification in areas such as first aid, CPR, AED, and/or personal trainer. Students enrolled in this course may be eligible for the National Career Readiness Certificate Assessment: ACT, Inc./WorkKeys (9341) industry certification.

HS1301INT Sports Medicine/Athletic Trainer II Internship
Grade 12 - Year - 1 Credit
Students registered for HS1301INT will take Sports Medicine/Athletic Trainer II (HS1301) and will have an additional block designated as Sports Medicine/Athletic Trainer II Internship, if approved. Documentation must be submitted and approved by the student, parent, teacher, business representative, and career counselor prior to any student beginning an internship. Students may earn one standard unit of credit toward graduation for internships of at least a 280-hour duration and by working continuously throughout the school year. If a student does not complete 280 hours, the student will not earn credit.

HSE162 Health Science English 11 ADV
Grade 11 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
In Health Science English 11 ADV, students will demonstrate a knowledge and understanding of United States literature through the study of classic and contemporary American literature themes and characterizations reflective of history, culture and health sciences. Writing instruction will focus on persuasive, expository, narrative, and descriptive writing as well as letters of application, resumes, and a documented research paper on a health science related topic. In addition, with the goal of success in college and professional pursuits, students will demonstrate proficiency in delivering public speeches, composing letters of application, and developing resumes.

HSE163 Health Science English 11
Grade 11 - Year - 1 Credit
In Health Science English 11, students will demonstrate a knowledge and understanding of United States literature through the study of classic and contemporary American literature themes and characterizations reflective of history, culture and health sciences. Writing instruction will focus on persuasive, expository, narrative, and descriptive writing as well as letters of application, resumes, and a documented research paper on a health science related topic.

HSH470 Health Science Modern Global Studies - Standard
Grades 9 and 10 – Year – 1 Credit
Modern Global Studies is a world geographic course involving the study of people, places, and environments, using data analysis with the five themes of geography. The knowledge, skills, and perspectives of this course focus on locating and analyzing historical, physical, economic, and cultural characteristics of world regions. Landforms and climates, economic development, migration and settlement patterns, health conditions and disease, and forces of conflict and cooperation will be investigated. Students will employ skills of inquiry and research to acquire a global perspective of the world and understanding of the relationship between humans, medicine, and disease, and the environment relevant to current events. Students will take the World Geography End-of-Course SOL test.

HSH471 Health Science Modern Global Studies ADV
Grades 9 and 10 – Year – 1 Weighted Credit
Modern Global Studies is a world geographic course involving the study of people, places, and environments, using data analysis with the five themes of geography. The knowledge, skills, and perspectives of this course focus on locating and analyzing historical, physical, economic and cultural characteristics of world regions. Landforms and climates, economic development, migration and settlement patterns, health conditions, and disease, and forces of conflict and cooperation will be investigated. Research and interpretation, analysis, and evaluation of data are significant requirements as students investigate how humans interact with each other and the environment. Students explore how past trends in history and disease affect present day issues and make connections among physical, ecological, political, health and wellness, and economic information relating to our global society. Students will take the World Geography End-of-Course SOL test. 

HSP651 Health Science Health & Physical Education
Grade 9 – Year – 1 Credit
Health Science Health and PE 9 promotes health literacy and physical activity to promote personal fitness and wellness. Areas of study include human anatomy, physiology, exercise science, and kinesiology needed to apply key movement concepts and principles to become physical literate individuals. Physical education strands included: motor skill development, anatomical basis of movement, fitness planning, social development, and the importance of energy balance and nutritional needs of the body.

HSS354 Health Science Biology ADV
Grade 9 – Year – 1 Weighted Credit
Health Science Biology ADV explores in depth, biological concepts and the scientific process focus on health science and human health care. Areas of study include the cell theory, genetics, metabolic processes, environmental adaptations, homeostatic mechanism, classification, evolution, introductory ecology, and biochemistry. The major investigative skills used by practicing biologists are stressed. Students are expected to be independent learners with good communication skills. Students are required to complete extensive laboratory work including an independent research project. Further, students are expected to use the scientific method to discover scientific principles.

HSS355 Health Science Biology
Grade 9 – Year - 1 Credit
Health Science Biology, the study of living things, is a laboratory course designed with a focus on health science. In this course, students are introduced to major biological concepts within the construct of scientific investigation. Emphasis is placed on cellular structures, processes, and organization, metabolism, growth and development, evolution, classification, genetics, and introductory ecology. Students are expected to use the scientific methods to discover principles and to submit written laboratory reports.

HSS361 Health Science Chemistry ADV
Grade 10 – Year – 1 Weighted Credit
Prerequisite: Health Science Biology
Prerequisite or co-requisite: Algebra II 
Co-requisite: English 10 ADV (recommended because of research and writing components)
Health Science Chemistry ADV, an inquiry based laboratory course, introduces students to modern chemical concepts with a focus on human biology. These concepts are discussed in greater depth, rigor, and detail than at the standard level. Major concepts include atomic structure and bonding, stoichiometry, oxidation-reduction, thermodynamics, equilibrium, and simple organic chemistry. Students are expected to use the scientific method to discover scientific principles. Further, students are required to submit written laboratory reports and short papers, and to design and conduct an independent research project. The major skills used by practicing chemistry are emphasized. This course is suitable for preparation for science, engineering, and medicine majors in college.

HSS362 Health Science Chemistry
Grade 10 – Year – 1 Credit
Prerequisite: Health Science Biology
Prerequisite or co-requisite: Algebra II 
Health Science Chemistry, an inquiry based laboratory course, introduces students to basic chemical concepts with a focus on human biology. Topics include chemical composition of matter, atomic structure, periodic table, chemical bonding, formulas, and equations, reacting quantities and acid base theory. Laboratory experiments are used to teach conceptual themes through process skills. Students are expected to use the scientific methods to discover scientific principles and to write laboratory reports. For students needing a general introduction to chemistry and its practical applications to the world around them in a health science application.

IT800 Information Technology for a Global Society SL IB
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
Prerequisite: Internet access and the ability to use standard Microsoft applications (i.e., MS Word, Access, Excel) This course is the study of the impact of information technology on individuals and society. Students will explore the advantages and disadvantages of the use of digitized information at the local and global levels. ITGS provides a framework for the students to make informed judgments and decisions about the use of information technology (IT) within social contexts. In addition, ITGS will focus on the ethical questions resulting from the widespread use of IT today. Students will be expected to critically examine the global impact of IT developments and demonstrate an understanding of the social and ethical implications of IT systems. Through a project, students will design and apply IT solutions to a problem set. Students will take the IB examination in May to demonstrate proficiency.

IT812 Design Technology SL IB
Grades 11 and 12 - Year - 1 Weighted Credit
Students will use the design cycle and discuss the class review of materials and manufacturing processes to define a problem and to develop a solution. The design cycle is at the core of this class and is central to the student’s own investigative work and project design. Each element of the design cycle represents an aspect of design technology, which when viewed together emphasize how to exercise judgment and responsibility in the use of technology, how to recognize needs and how to produce the optimum solution. This class assumes no previous experience in design or technology. Students will take the IB examination in May to demonstrate proficiency.